Topic 02. Legislation in the US and in Russia

5. Laws and regulations as a basis of nuclear legislation

 

Atomic legislation is arranged by hierarchy andby-laws occupy a significant place.By-laws primarily concerne normative legal acts of the President of the Russian Federation, the Russian Government ministries and departments.If the law establishes the basic content of the rule of law, by-laws and regulations specify and develop these standards.For example, the Federal Law "On Radiation Safety" establishes the right to radiation safety.This right is ensured by a set of measures for the prevention of radiation exposure on the human body to ionizing radiation above the established norms of radiation safety.Similarly, radiation safety standards are defined in terms of the by-law of Radiation Safety Standards, approved by the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of Russia, and dated July 2, 1999.

Article90 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation permits the President of the Russian Federation to adopt acts in the form of decrees and orders.

The Russian government also publishes legal acts.According to Article115 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation,the government shall issue decisions and orders on the basis and in pursuance of the Constitution, federal laws, regulations, and decrees of the President.

The State Corporation for Atomic Energy (Rosatom) develops and determines industry regulation in the field of nuclear energy.Federal law permits this.