Topic 05. Possible approaches and scenarios of decommissioning

3. Stage3.Decommissioning

This stage can follow several alternative scenarios. For the political choice of an option not only the current social, ecological and economic situation is analyzed. Possible long-term geodynamical, climatic and other changes in the regions of decommissioned facility and SNF/RW storage (repository) region are to be taken into account.

  • Option "Storage under surveillance” means that the reactor unit, all systems and equipment are conserved and isolated from the environment. Following this they are kept in a safe condition. The uncontaminated equipment is dismantled in order to be used or recycled.Slightly contaminated equipment undergoes a staged decontamination until it has the level, which permits its unrestricted use or recycling (e.g. metal can be molten). Rooms, buildings and facilities freed from such equipment can be pulled down or used for alternative business.
  • Option "Burial” of radiologically hazardous blocks and structures. Reactor, firstcircuit equipment and other high-level equipment and structures are isolated.E.g. they are enclosed into a concrete matrix and kept in it until most active short-lived radionuclides decay. The "Burial” option uses the advantage of activity self-liquidation.
  • Option "Liquidation” is aimed at reaching one of the following two post-decommissioning conditions of the reactor site:
  • "BROWN FIELD” means the dismantling of equipment, evacuation of buildings and facilities not planned for future use, reprocessing and removal of all RW from the territory and its conditioning so that it could be used for the needs of atomic industry, e.g. for the  construction of the RW repository or for other economic activities, e.g. for the techno-park development.
  • "GREEN FIELD” means complete dismantling of reactor unit structures and buildings, as wellas the conditioning, packing and removal of radioactive waste; a complete removal of all consequences of the radiologicallyhazardous facility operation. Land remediation is made to allow the unrestricted use of the freed territory.

АЭС Грейфсвальд