Topic 05. Possible approaches and scenarios of decommissioning

4. International experience of decommissioning scenario choice

 

Swedish experience shows that society can obtain the most optimal results of  decommissioning procedure and conditions if it delegates this task to an independent body. In Sweden it is the Swedish Environmental Court.
In such cases an independent organization takes decisions, which are completely in tune with main societal values and norms. If the decisions are taken by organizations closely tied to the technological complex, they, in most cases, will be based on values and norms of the technocratic community.
In our case it is the nuclear industry. The money deposited on a bank account of the decommissioning fund keeps growing, i.e. it brings revenues before the decommissioning
activities are started. In the Swedish case this interest on deposit is the revenue of power plant owners. For them (account owners) it is not profitable to start decommissioning until expenditures on servicing the shutdown reactor (fuel removal, dismantling, etc.) exceed the margin of revenues from keeping the fund money on the bank account.
At this point we should not forget how costly for the society such a delay can be. A delayed start of decommissioning can result in much higher costs for society. The prospect arises of necessary expenditures for which the NPP owners are not responsible.
In the case of Swedish Studsvik reactors the Swedish Environmental Court prescribed that the owners should start the decommissioning immediately after the reactors are taken out of operation, because in case of a delay the society would be forced to take much larger expenditures.
The unavailability of the final RW repository necessary for the decommissioning of Studsvik and Barsebek reactors was the main reason for the dismantling delay, for which the reactor owners appealed in the court of justice.
The court ruled that the stated reason did not justify the delay of actual decommissioning of Studsvik reactor.
The court also stated that the decommissioning of research reactor in Studsvik immediately after its shutdown should enable to use the experience and expertise of Studsvik operating personnel.

АЭС Грейфсвальд. Хранилище радиоактивных отходов

 

Здание технопарка на месте Игналинской АЭС